Search Results

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Information on Antiskid Systems

2016-11-15

CURRENT

AIR1739B

This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) has been prepared by a panel of the SAE A-5A Committee and is presented to document the design approaches and service experience from various applications of antiskid systems. This experience includes commercial and military applications.

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Replacement and Modified Brakes and Wheels

2016-10-21

CURRENT

ARP1619B

This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) defines recommended planning and substantiation procedures and associated reviewing and approval processes to confirm that proposed changes do not compromise the demonstrated safety of the originally certified aircraft, and performance and aircraft compatibility are appropriately addressed in aircraft documentation. Successful demonstration also requires that failure modes be identified and mitigation provided for each. These procedures apply to modifications made by the original component or assembly supplier as well as approval of an alternate supplier.

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Compilation of Freezing Brake Experience and Potential Designs and Operating Procedures to Prevent Its Occurrence

2016-05-24

CURRENT

AIR4762A

This Aerospace Information Report (AIR) describes conditions under which freezing (frozen) brakes can occur and describes operating procedures which have been used to prevent or lessen the severity or probability of brake freezing. This document also identifies design features that some manufacturers implement to minimize the occurrence of freezing brakes. This document is not an Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) and therefore does not make recommendations based on a consensus of the industry. However, part of this document’s purpose is to describe the design and operational practices that some are using to minimize the risk of frozen brakes. NOTE: The following information is based upon experience gained across a wide-range of aircraft types and operational profiles, and should NOT take precedence over Aircraft Flight Manual or Flight Operations Procedures.

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Carbon Brake Contamination and Oxidation

2016-04-12

CURRENT

AIR5490A

This document provides information on contamination and its effects on brakes having carbon-carbon composite friction materials (carbon). Carbon is hygroscopic and porous, and therefore readily absorbs liquids and contaminants. Some of the contaminants can impact intended performance of the brake. This document is intended to raise awareness of the effects of carbon brake contamination and provide information on industry practices for its prevention. Although not addressed in this report, contaminants can cause problems with other landing system components including tires.

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Minimum Performance Standard for Part 25 Transport Aircraft Wheels, Brakes, and Wheel and Brake Assemblies

2016-03-14

WIP

AS6410

This document was requested by the FAA to provide a technical update of TSO-C26d to address Electric Brake Actuation, standardize with TSO-C135a and address any remaining concerns with the current technical requirements in AIR5381.

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Automatic Braking Systems

2016-01-25

CURRENT

ARP1907C

This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) covers the functional, design, construction, and test requirements for Automatic Braking Systems. Installation information and lessons learned are also included.

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Wheels and Brakes, Supplementary Criteria for Design Endurance Civil Transport Aircraft

2015-05-07

CURRENT

ARP597E

This document recommends supplementary design criteria to enhance endurance and reliability of transport aircraft wheels and brakes.

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Design and Testing of Antiskid Brake Control Systems for Total Aircraft Compatibility

2014-11-11

HISTORICAL

ARP1070D

This document outlines the development process and makes recommendations for total antiskid/aircraft systems compatibility. These recommendations encompass all aircraft systems that may affect antiskid brake control. It focuses on recommended practices specific to antiskid and its integration with the aircraft as opposed to more generic practices recommended for all aircraft systems and components. It defers to the documents listed in Section 2, for generic aerospace best practices and requirements.

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Compilation of Freezing Brake Experience and Suggested Designs and Operating Procedures Required to Prevent Its Occurrence

2014-08-20

HISTORICAL

AIR4762

This AIR describes conditions under which freezing brakes can occur and offers suggested design features to minimize occurrence. It also suggests operating procedures which have been shown to prevent or lessen the severity of brake freezing.

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Automatic Braking Systems

2014-08-20

HISTORICAL

ARP1907B

This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) covers the functional, design, construction, and test requirements for Automatic Braking Systems. Installation information and lessons learned are also included.

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Overpressurization Release Devices

2014-08-20

HISTORICAL

ARP1322B

This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) specifies the minimum design and test recommendations for aircraft wheel overpressurization release devices used with tubeless aircraft tires to protect from possible explosive failure of the contained air chamber due to overinflation. Devices of this type provide a means, but not the only means, for showing compliance to Subsection 25.731(d) of Part 25 of Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations. Devices of this type will not protect against flash fire explosive conditions within the air chamber which may occur due to extremely overheated brakes. To help protect against this condition, nitrogen or other inert gas should be used for inflation.

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Test Method for Catalytic Carbon Brake Disk Oxidation

2013-12-04

WIP

AS6289

The scope of the test method is to provide stakeholders including fluid manufacturers, brake manufacturers, aircraft constructors, aircraft operators and airworthiness authorities with a relative assessment of the effect of deicing chemicals on carbon oxidation. This test is designed to assess the relative effects of runway deicing chemicals by measuring mass change of contaminated and bare carbon samples tested under the same conditions.

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Brake Systems, Wheel, Military Aircraft

2013-11-01

CURRENT

AS8584B

This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) defines the requirements for brake systems used on military aircraft equipped with wheel-type landing gears.

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Information on Brake-By-Wire (BBW) Brake Control Systems

2013-04-22

HISTORICAL

AIR5372

A panel of the SAE A-5A Committee prepared this SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR). The document describes the design approaches used for current applications of Brake-by-Wire (BBW) control systems that are used on commercial and military airplanes. The document also discusses the experience gained during service in the commercial and military environments, and covers system, ergonomic, hardware, and development aspects. The treatment includes the lessons that have been learned during application of the technology. Although there are a variety of approaches that have been used in the design of BBW systems, the main focus of this document is on systems that use the electro-hydraulic method of control. The overall range of implementations is briefly described in 2.3. Sections 3, 4, and 5 describe the electro-hydraulic method in detail.

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Design and Testing of Antiskid Brake Control Systems for Total Aircraft Compatibility

2013-04-22

HISTORICAL

ARP1070C

This document recommends minimum requirements for antiskid brake control to provide total aircraft systems compatibility. Design and operational goals, general theory, and functions, which should be considered by the aircraft brake system engineer to attain the most effective skid control performance, are covered in detail. Methods of determining and evaluating antiskid system performance are discussed. While this document specifically addresses antiskid systems which are a part of a hydraulically actuated brake system, the recommended practices are equally applicable to brakes actuated by other means, such as electrically actuated brakes.

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Test Method for Catalytic Carbon Brake Disk Oxidation

2013-03-11

WIP

AIR5567B

The scope of the test method is to provide stakeholders including fluid manufacturers, brake manufacturers, aircraft constructors, aircraft operators and airworthiness authorities with a relative assessment of the effect of deicing chemicals on carbon oxidation. This simple test is only designed to assess the relative effects of runway deicing chemicals by measuring mass change of contaminated and bare carbon samples tested under the same conditions. It is not possible to set a general acceptance threshold oxidation limit based on this test method because carbon brake stack oxidation is a function of heat sink design and the operating envirnoment.

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Minimum Performance Requirements for Transport Airplane Wheel and Brake Assemblies Using Electric Power Actuation

2012-07-11

CURRENT

AS5663A

In lieu of TSO-C135, this SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) prescribes the minimum performance standards for wheels, brakes, and wheel and brake assemblies using electric power actuation for transport category (14 CFR Part 25) airplanes. Testing is limited to that necessary to establish minimum performance related to strength, robustness, stopping capability, and energy absorption to ensure measurable, repeatable industry accepted standards for these aspects of wheel and brake performance. The test parameters associated with electric braking actuation are defined around the state of the technology at this time, typically comprised of an Electro-Mechanical Actuator (EMA) controlled by a control system delivering electric power and effecting motor control.

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Replacement and Modified Brakes and Wheels

2012-05-16

HISTORICAL

ARP1619A

This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) defines recommended substantiation procedures and associated reviewing and approval processes to confirm that proposed changes do not compromise the demonstrated safety, performance, and airplane compatibility of the originally certified commercial and military aircraft. Successful demonstration also includes confirmation that no adverse failure modes are introduced. These procedures apply to modifications made by the original component or assembly supplier as well as certification of an alternate supplier.

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Nondestructive Inspection (NDI) Methods Used During Production and Operation of Aircraft Wheels and Brakes

2012-05-11

HISTORICAL

AIR4777A

This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) identifies current nondestructive inspection (NDI) methods used to insure product integrity and maximize "in service" life of the major structural components of aircraft wheel and brake assemblies.

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Minimum Performance Requirements for Transport Airplane Wheel and Brake Assemblies Using Electric Power Actuation

2012-05-09

HISTORICAL

AS5663

In lieu of TSO-C135, this SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) prescribes the minimum performance standards for wheels, brakes, and wheel and brake assemblies using electric power actuation for transport category (14 CFR Part 25) airplanes. Testing is limited to that necessary to establish minimum performance related to strength, robustness, stopping capability, and energy absorption to ensure measurable, repeatable industry accepted standards for these aspects of wheel and brake performance. The test parameters associated with electric braking actuation are defined around the state of the technology at this time, typically comprised of an Electro-Mechanical Actuator (EMA) controlled by a control system delivering electric power and effecting motor control.